Mediation Terms and Definitions

Third Party (Neutral) A term used to describe an impartial person, group, or organization that assists disputing parties in reaching a resolution. Mediators, arbitrators, facilitators, and conciliators are all considered third party neutrals. Co-mediation Mediation process in which there are two mediators who simultaneously or jointly conduct the process. Used in cases where mediators with different areas of expertise would be useful, when there are multiple parties involved, and/or to model cooperation and gender/ethnicity balance. Ombudsman, Ombuds, Ombudsperson A third party neutral that researches complaints and suggests or implements solutions on behalf of a recognized authority. Most often on behalf of a single organization. Binding A legally enforceable decision or agreement resulting from a dispute resolution process. Consensus method of seeking the resolution of a multiple-party conflict or dispute, relying upon equal participation of all parties. The end goal is to develop an agreement, usually without voting, that all of the participants can live with. Mediation Process in which a third party neutral facilitates communications and negotiations among parties to find a mutually acceptable resolution of a dispute. Assessment An impartial analysis of a conflict situation conducted with an eye towards determining potential paths by which parties may reach a resolution of their conflict. Reconciliation Though not a formalized term, it describes steps taken to heal or improve relationships that have been damaged by a conflict. Facilitation A collaborative process involving the use of a neutral third party (facilitator) to design and oversee a group process. Facilitation is used to help a group reach a goal or complete a task to the mutual satisfaction of participants. Negotiation Process where parties directly exchange ideas, views, promises, and problems surrounding a dispute. Positional bargaining tends to focus on demands, and counter-demands of disputing parties, sometimes leading to a bargaining process where parties trade concessions and demands.

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	Did You Know?
	Mediation is a process that involves a mediator Neutral third party who helps the disputing parties achieve a resolution that satisfies both of them. The mediator's primary function is to create constructive communication between parties and provide a forum where disputants can create a mutually satisfactory agreement. Mediators do not impose decisions; instead, they help people craft solutions that will work for them.